Public defence: Marius Øien

Marius Øien is defending his dissertation for the degree philosophiae doctor (PhD) at the University of South-Eastern Norway. 

The doctoral work has been carried out at the Faculty of Humanities, Sports, and Educational Science.

You are invited to follow the trial lecture and the public defence.

• Read the full thesis here.

Summary

This dissertation sheds light on cultural clash within the Norwegian welfare system. The study explores how identity and role expectations affect the relationship between Nav clients and caseworkers.

Øien’s research reveals that many clients experience a disconnect between how they see themselves (internal identity) and how they are perceived by the system (external identity). Caseworkers, in turn, face pressures from institutional rules and expectations that can shape how they interpret and respond to clients, which again tend to differ from how the clients view themselves. These dynamics often lead to frustration, mistrust, and miscommunication on both sides.

Through qualitative interviews and field observations, the dissertation uncovers how these identity tensions are reinforced by institutional roles. The result is what Øien calls a sociocultural clash – a mismatch between the lived realities of clients and the structural realities of the welfare system.

“This study reveals that even minor discrepancies in role and group realities can lead to significant differences in interaction outcomes,” says Øien.

“It is crucial for Nav to recognize these dynamics when implementing policies.”

The dissertation offers practical insights for public services and highlights the importance of role awareness, reflexivity, and institutional responsiveness. While focused on Nav, the findings have broader relevance for relevant institutions.